Inventory of assets and liabilities of public sector institutions

Abstract

The relevance of the study is determined by the increasing requirements for transparency in the use of budgetary resources, the necessity to ensure the reliability of accounting and financial reporting of public sector institutions, as well as the transformation of the state financial control system under conditions of digitalization and martial law. In modern conditions, the inventory of non-financial assets acquires not only a control function but also analytical and managerial significance, since it ensures the identification of discrepancies between actual and accounting data, assessment of the efficiency of state property utilization, and strengthening of financial discipline. The purpose of the study is to provide a scientific substantiation of the theoretical and applied foundations of inventory management of non-financial assets in public sector institutions and to determine the directions for improving its organization within the modern system of state financial control. Methods. The study employed methods of analysis and synthesis – to generalize theoretical approaches to the organization of inventory procedures, systematization – to structure their functional characteristics and problematic aspects, comparative analysis – to evaluate modern approaches to the digitalization of inventory procedures, as well as logical generalization – to formulate practical recommendations for improving the system of control over non-financial assets. Results. The economic essence of inventory management of non-financial assets and its functional significance within the accounting system of public sector institutions were investigated. It was revealed that modern inventory procedures are gradually transforming into a system of continuous resource monitoring based on digital technologies and automated accounting systems. It was proved that the use of electronic registers, QR coding, cloud services, and digital document management contributes to increasing the reliability of accounting data, the efficiency of inspections, and the effectiveness of financial control. It was established that the effectiveness of inventory procedures is limited by the formal nature of certain inspections, insufficient integration of digital systems, the complexity of assessing the technical condition of assets, and difficulties in controlling intangible resources. Conclusions. The expediency of implementing a risk-oriented approach to the organization of inventory procedures, expanding the use of automated accounting systems, and strengthening the professional training of accounting personnel was substantiated. It was concluded that the digitalization of inventory procedures contributes to increasing the efficiency of public resource management and strengthening financial discipline. Prospects for further research are associated with the integration of artificial intelligence technologies into the system of state financial control and the development of adaptive models for digital monitoring of assets and liabilities.