Structural shifts and mechanisms of transformation of the global economy

Abstract

Abstract. The relevance of the study is determined by the deepening of resource and technological, institutional, and political shifts in the global economy, which are shaping a new configuration of international economic relations and changing the parameters of global equilibrium. The increasing complexity of the structure of the global economy, the growing interdependence of national systems, and the intensification of geo-economic competition require a systematic understanding of the patterns of structural restructuring and clarification of the mechanisms of long-term evolution of global development. The aim of the article is to provide a theoretical substantiation of the structural shifts and mechanisms of transformation of the global economy in the context of resource and technological, institutional, and globalization changes. The methodological basis of the study consists of methods of analysis and synthesis, systemic and structural-functional approaches, induction and deduction, generalization of research findings, logical modeling, and comparative analysis. Results. Thirteen groups of factors of economic system transformation have been systematized, covering natural-geographical, human, technological, informational, energy, market, macro- and microeconomic, institutional and legal, political, historical, foreign economic, and climatic factors. Their division according to the nature of their impact on basic, mediating, and direct factors has been substantiated, which allows explaining the mechanism of structural shifts in the global dimension. The key role of resource and technological determinants in changing technological structures, redistributing competitive advantages, and transforming production models has been identified. The importance of institutional coherence, adaptability, and financial balance as principles of structural restructuring in conditions of long-term instability is revealed. Conclusions. The multi-level and systemic nature of the transformation of the global economy, which is taking place under the influence of stabilizing and destabilizing factors, has been proven. The coordination of resource and technological, institutional, and political components is viewed as a prerequisite for maintaining economic sustainability and forming a new model of global development. The results obtained can be used for the further development of the theoretical foundations of structural change analysis and the formation of strategic approaches to the adaptation of national economies in the global environment.