The transformation of the global economic order under the influence of regionalization, infrastructure challenges in the commodity market, and economic leadership

Abstract

The article examines the transformation of the global economic order in the context of regionalization, geo-economic instability, and structural changes in the functioning of the commodity market. The aim of the work is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of regionalization processes on the commodity market infrastructure and to justify strategic approaches to economic leadership that can ensure adaptability and competitiveness in a changing global environment. The methodological basis of the study is a combination of systemic, structural-functional, and comparative approaches, which made it possible to consider the transformation processes in the economy as interrelated phenomena at the global and regional levels. The study identified key infrastructure challenges arising from the reorientation of global supply chains, the growing role of regional markets, uneven infrastructure development, and technological fragmentation. It was determined that the transformation of the economic order is accompanied by increased regional specialisation, localisation of production and a shift in the focus of economic security policy. In this context, commodity market infrastructure appears not only as the material basis for trade, but also as a strategic resource for regional development and a factor in the formation of economic leadership. As a result of the analysis, five strategic approaches to economic leadership are justified: innovative, institutional, platform-based, environmentally oriented, and adaptive. Each of them is considered as a separate direction of response to the challenges of the modern world order, as well as a mechanism for ensuring stability and increasing competitiveness in conditions of global turbulence. Particular attention is paid to the role of adaptive management, digital transformation, and effective interregional coordination in shaping a new model of economic interaction. It is concluded that regionalization in its current dimension is not only an alternative to globalization, but also a source of new opportunities for rethinking infrastructure development, strategic planning, and economic leadership. The proposed approaches can be used within the economic policies of countries seeking to strengthen their positions in the global market amid the structural restructuring of the global economy.