Comparative analysis of the balance sheet of Hungary and Ukraine: legal, organizational, and practical aspects

Abstract

The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of accounting and financial reporting in Ukraine and Hungary. The primary purpose of the study is to identify similarities and differences between the accounting systems of these two countries, determine their impact on the transparency of financial reporting, and analyze how these features influence managerial decision-making. The study uses the methods of comparative analysis, systematization, generalization of regulatory documents, and interpretation of results.

The study results highlights key aspects of financial reporting, including the structure of balance sheets, the classification of assets and liabilities, reporting deadlines, and publication practices. The findings reveal that both countries base their accounting systems on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), yet significant differences exist in their national approaches. In Ukraine, financial reporting is more oriented toward compliance with national accounting standards, which include specific provisions regarding submission deadlines and asset classification. In Hungary, the system places greater emphasis on harmonization with European regulations, including simplified reporting for small businesses.

The research conclusions indicate that the transparency of financial reporting and its influence on managerial decision-making largely depend on the degree of standardization and the implementation of digital technologies in accounting practices. The conclusions emphasize the importance of harmonizing national standards with international ones, which would improve the quality of financial reporting and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.

The prospects for further research include analyzing the impact of digitalization on accounting, comparing the adaptation of international standards in other European countries, and assessing their influence on long-term financial stability.