The impact of e-commerce development on national economic security

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to develop a comprehensive theoretical and methodological concept that explains and systematizes the mechanisms of e-commerce's impact on the economic security of the state by identifying and analyzing key cause-and-effect relationships. The study used a set of methods that ensured the consistency and scientific validity of the obtained results. The method of theoretical generalization and systematization was used to study scientific sources and form a theoretical and methodological concept of the impact of e-commerce on economic security. The method of dynamic series was used to study global trends in the development of e-commerce. The method of structural and functional analysis was used to identify and characterize the basic elements of e-commerce and various channels of influence on the economic security of the state. The method of comparative analysis was used to assess the positive and negative effects of the development of e-commerce and to determine the conditions that contribute to the strengthening or weakening of economic security. The article examines the mechanisms of influence of e-commerce development on the economic security of the state in the context of digital globalization. Previously unresolved aspects of the issue are identified and a theoretical and methodological concept is formulated that explains the causal links between the spread of e-commerce and the transformation of economic security. Global trends in the development of e-commerce were analyzed and the basic elements of its infrastructure were characterized, including online commerce, electronic payment systems, marketplaces, digital logistics solutions, cloud technologies, and cross-border trade. The main channels of e-commerce influence on economic security have been identified and systematized: financial and economic, informational, investment, and socio-economic. The key positive and negative effects of this impact have been outlined, in particular, increased transparency of economic transactions, strengthening of the tax base, stimulation of innovation and increased competitiveness, as well as the risks of cyber threats, market concentration, data leakage, and dependence on foreign digital platforms. It has been determined that e-commerce can both strengthen and weaken economic security. In particular, a positive effect occurs under conditions of developed cyber protection, transparent regulation, and high digital accessibility, while low levels of protection, digital inequality, and the dominance of foreign platforms create additional risks to the stability of the national economy.