Management of logistic risks at fuel filling stations under conditions of economic instability

Abstract

Fuel retail chains operate under conditions of economic and logistical instability, which significantly increases the vulnerability of their logistics systems and necessitates the improvement of risk-management mechanisms. The purpose of the article is to explore the nature and structure of logistics risks at gas stations, develop a system-based classification, justify key principles of risk management, and identify practical tools for minimizing these risks under unstable conditions. Methods. The study applies analysis and synthesis of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025, a systems and logistics approach, structural–functional analysis, content analysis of Ukrainian and international research, and comparative analysis of practical solutions implemented by fuel retail networks in Ukraine. Results. The study demonstrates that logistics risks at gas stations are multilayered and arise from infrastructural, operational, financial, technological, environmental, and digital disruptions. A three-level classification is proposed, distinguishing general risks, specific risks inherent to fuel retail, and risks intensified by economic and political instability. A system of risk-management principles is formulated, comprising system integrity, anticipatory risk management, economic efficiency, environmental responsibility, technological safety, business continuity, digitalisation, and adaptability. The research presents an original structured framework for logistics risk management in fuel retail, integrating the stages of risk identification, assessment, preventive actions, response, and recovery, which constitutes a key element of scientific novelty. Practical analysis confirms the effectiveness of supply diversification, safety stocks, environmental and technological safety systems, automation and digital monitoring tools, insurance mechanisms, and business-continuity solutions in mitigating the vulnerability of logistics operations. Conclusions. Effective logistics risk management for gas stations requires a comprehensive integration of organisational, technological, and digital approaches aimed at strengthening the resilience of supply chains. The proposed classification, principles, and structured framework offer a methodological foundation for improving fuel retail logistics and may be applied in further research as well as in practical risk-management strategies for enterprises within the energy and transport sectors.