Green logistics as a driver of international business competitiveness

Abstract

Abstract: In the context of the global decarbonization transition, the ability of economic actors to optimize transportation, warehousing, and distribution processes in line with environmental standards, digital transparency, and resource efficiency has become critically important. The purpose of this study is to justify the strategic role of green logistics in strengthening the competitiveness of international business and to systematize indicators that capture the relationship between the environmental efficiency of logistics processes and the resilience of global supply chains. The methodological framework is based on systemic and comparative analysis, logistics diagnostics tools, international index assessment (LPI, ESG metrics, Scope emission categories), elements of the structural-functional approach, and synthesis of statistical data from leading global institutions. The information base includes data from the World Bank, MIT analytical reports, and CDP disclosures. The results indicate a persistent gap in logistics performance across country groups, shaping asymmetric access to global markets and investment opportunities. The research confirms the institutionalization of environmental requirements in international business and the growing pressure from key stakeholders on companies to adopt environmentally oriented logistics practices. The analysis of Scope 1–3 emission structures demonstrates that indirect logistics-related emissions dominate in most industries (up to 80–98%), positioning supply chain management as a core vector of climate transformation. The paper proposes approaches to developing ecologically balanced logistics systems, including digitalization of transportation operations, implementation of energy-efficient solutions, development of sustainable procurement standards, and training of specialists in green logistics. The practical significance of the study lies in the applicability of the proposed approaches for developing corporate sustainable supply policies, improving transport infrastructure, and shaping national climate-neutrality strategies.