Capital Management of an Enterprise as a Key Factor of Its Financial Stability

Abstract

The article reveals the essence of capital management as one of the key factors in ensuring the financial stability of an enterprise. It is emphasized that in conditions of economic instability, effective capital management is a necessary condition not only for maintaining the solvency of the enterprise, but also for achieving long-term strategic goals. Modern approaches to capital formation are considered, the principles that an enterprise should be guided by in the process of attracting and using financial resources are substantiated, in particular: taking into account development prospects, compliance of the volume of capital with assets, optimization of the capital structure, minimization of its cost and ensuring maximum efficiency are analyzed. The strategic and tactical levels of capital management, their functions, tasks and tools are analyzed. Considerable attention is paid to the formation of an organizational and economic management mechanism that includes planning, efficiency assessment, analytical support and control over the use of capital. The key principles of capital formation are investigated, including: taking into account the development opportunities of the enterprise, the correspondence of the size of capital to the volume of assets, optimizing the structure to reduce risks, minimizing the cost of attracted resources, and maximizing the efficiency of capital use. A number of problems that remain open for further research are identified: determining the optimal capital structure under risk conditions, integrating financial management with strategic planning, the impact of digital transformations, developing a risk management system, and access to financing. It is concluded that effective capital management contributes to the stability of the enterprise, its competitiveness, and the ability to adapt to external changes.