Transport Logistics as a Factor in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in the Context of Post-War Reconstruction of Ukraine

Abstract

The article examines the role of transport logistics as a driver for achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals in the context of Ukraine's post-war reconstruction. The study systematizes the conceptual foundations of sustainable transport logistics, distinguishing between the concepts of green logistics, sustainable logistics, and sustainable supply chain within the triple bottom line framework (economy, ecology, society). European experience in freight transport decarbonization through modal shift from road to rail, CO₂ standards for vehicles, and the Fit for 55 package is analyzed. Based on data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 2000–2023, a quantitative analysis of cargo transportation dynamics by transport mode was conducted, with comparative tables and modal split diagrams constructed. The full-scale invasion caused an unprecedented decline in transportation volumes by 40.6% in 2022 compared to 2021, with railway freight dropping by 52.5%, road freight by 39.6%, and waterway freight by 60%. The share of road transport increased from 61.4% in 2000 to 77.1% in 2023, indicating deepening structural imbalances. The impact of four crisis periods (2008–2009 financial crisis, Crimea annexation, COVID-19, full-scale war) was compared, revealing the qualitative distinctiveness of the war shock, namely its asymmetric impact on different transport modes and its infrastructural rather than demand-driven nature. The article substantiates directions for post-war reconstruction of transport logistics based on sustainable development principles, considering Ukraine's integration into the TEN-T network (EU Regulation 2024/1679), Ukraine Facility financial mechanisms, and the build back better principle. A three-stage reconstruction sequence is proposed: reconstruction of critical nodes to TEN-T standards, modal shift through digitalization and pricing, and decarbonization of rolling stock.