Conceptual provisions of adaptive management of innovative activities of enterprises based on a cluster approach

Abstract

The article scientifically substantiates the conceptual provisions for the adaptive management of enterprises' innovative activities based on the cluster approach, which combines collective interaction with the flexibility to respond to external environmental challenges. The relevance of the study stems from the unprecedented economic volatility caused by a full-scale invasion, which makes classical linear planning ineffective and necessitates a transition to dynamic management models. It is determined that adaptive management in the innovation sphere is based on continuous monitoring, reflection on results, and consideration of each decision as a temporary hypothesis subject to correction. The authors have conducted a comparative analysis of classical and adaptive approaches, highlighting criteria such as short planning cycles, an orientation to learning through errors, and the priority of horizontal connections. It has been proven that the combination of adaptability and the cluster approach creates a synergistic effect through the distribution of analytics costs, knowledge sharing, and mutual insurance of risks, which is critically important for post-war recovery. A three-level architecture for the model has been developed: the micro-level focuses on enterprises' absorptive capacity, the meso-level ensures coordination through cluster platforms, and the macro-level shapes regulatory policy and financial incentives. The key principles of building the concept are adaptability, reflexivity, multivariance, cyclicality, and networking. The functional components of the system are outlined, including digital infrastructure, knowledge management, and adaptive adjustment mechanisms at all levels of management. The conditions for the effective implementation of the model are substantiated, from institutional protection of intellectual property rights to the formation of a culture of trust and the overcoming of inertial barriers in hierarchical management. Attention is paid to the strategy of "building better than before", where adaptive cluster management acts as a tool for structural modernization of the domestic economy. Prospects for further exploration include empirical testing of the proposed model across individual industries and the formalization of specific management tools.