THE IMPACT OF SWAM AND THE EUROPEAN GREEN COURSE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINE'S EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

Abstract

The article examines the impact of the Cross-Border Carbon Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and the European Green Deal on the development of the electric vehicle market in the context of Ukraine's European integration processes. It is substantiated that the modern environmental policy of the European Union forms new requirements for the transport sector, industrial production and the state regulatory system, stimulating the transition to a low-carbon economy. It is determined that the implementation of CBAM is one of the key tools for greening international trade, which directly affects the structure of production, investment processes and competitiveness of EU partner countries, in particular Ukraine. The main trends in the development of the electric vehicle market in European countries and Ukraine are analyzed, the dynamics of demand growth for electric transport, the expansion of charging station infrastructure, as well as state mechanisms for supporting electromobility are characterized. It is established that the European Green Deal defines strategic guidelines for the decarbonization of the transport sector, contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and activates innovative processes in the field of production of ecological transport. In this context, the electric vehicle market is considered as an important element of the formation of a sustainable transport system and the integration of Ukraine into the European economic space. Particular attention is paid to the assessment of opportunities and challenges for Ukraine in the process of adaptation to European environmental standards. It is determined that the impact of CBAM can stimulate the modernization of industry, the development of "green" energy, the localization of the production of components for electric vehicles and the strengthening of the investment attractiveness of the transport sector. At the same time, the risks associated with the high cost of technological transformation, the insufficient level of development of the charging infrastructure, energy challenges and the need to improve regulatory support are outlined. It is concluded that Ukraine's adaptation to the requirements of the European Green Deal and CBAM is not only a necessary condition for European integration, but also an important factor in the formation of a competitive electric vehicle market, the development of an innovative economy and ensuring the environmental safety of the state. The feasibility of increasing state support for electric transport, stimulating investments in "green" technologies, and harmonizing national legislation with European Union norms is substantiated.