Business model adaptation as a tool for managing the economic resilience of micro-enterprises

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations for enhancing the economic resilience of micro-enterprises through the adaptation of their business models in a volatile environment. Methods. The study employs systemic, comparative, structural-functional, and generalization approaches to analyse theoretical concepts and practical aspects of micro-enterprise functioning. Results. Contemporary approaches to the interpretation of enterprise economic resilience are synthesized, and its understanding is refined as the ability to adapt in a changing environment. The business model is considered as an integrative mechanism that combines the key elements of value creation, delivery, and capture. The specific features of micro-enterprise business models are characterized, including their simplicity, low level of formalization, and dependence on entrepreneurial decision-making. It is noted that such a model operates under conditions of high flexibility combined with limited structural stability. The key elements of the business model are systematized, and possible directions for their transformation in conditions of instability are outlined. It is shown that business model adaptation involves coordinated changes across interrelated components of enterprise activity. The role of individual business model elements (value proposition, resources, channels of interaction, and revenue models) in ensuring enterprise adaptability is highlighted. Attention is paid to the importance of digital tools and partnership interactions as factors enhancing business model flexibility. Approaches to implementing adaptive changes in micro-enterprise activities are generalized, taking into account their resource constraints and high sensitivity to the external environment. Conclusions. The results obtained can be used by micro-enterprises to improve management efficiency, adapt business models to environmental changes, and ensure long-term economic resilience.