Implementation of distributed ledger technologies in the primary accounting system of enterprises

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the directions for transforming primary accounting in enterprises based on distributed ledger technologies, to determine their impact on the mechanisms of accounting information formation, and to assess the economic and organizational effects of their implementation.

The methodological basis of the study includes general scientific and special methods, in particular analysis and synthesis – to generalize theoretical approaches to the organization of primary accounting; comparative analysis – to compare traditional and DLT-oriented models; generalization – to develop implementation stages and interpret the results obtained; SWOT analysis – to comprehensively assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of applying DLT in primary accounting.

The study found that the implementation of distributed ledger technologies is transforming the functional logic of primary accounting, facilitating a shift from paper-based documentation to verified digital transactions generated within a shared information environment. The study outlines a shift in the mechanism of trust in accounting data, which is gradually shifting from the subjective level to the algorithmic level, as well as the transformation of the accountant’s role and the nature of audit procedures. An analytical assessment of the effects revealed economic benefits, including cost reduction, accelerated transaction processing, and increased transparency.

The conclusions establish that the transformation of primary accounting in the context of distributed ledger technologies creates a new logic for the accounting process, shifts the mechanism of trust in accounting data from a subjective to an algorithmic level, reorients the role of the accountant and approaches to auditing, and provides economic benefits in the form of cost reduction, accelerated transaction processing, and increased transparency, provided there is adequate digital and organizational integration among participants.