GREEN INVESTMENTS IN FORMATION UKRAINE'S ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY

Abstract

The article examines the role of green investments in shaping Ukraine's energy sustainability under contemporary economic and environmental challenges. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to ensure energy independence, reduce environmental impact, and support sustainable economic development, especially in the context of wartime and post-war recovery. The transition to a low-carbon economy and the expansion of renewable energy sources are considered key priorities for strengthening the resilience of the national energy system. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of green investments on the development of the energy sector and to identify the main financial mechanisms that stimulate environmentally oriented investment processes. The methodological approach is based on a combination of general scientific and special methods. In particular, methods of analysis and synthesis were applied to generalize theoretical approaches to green investment development. Comparative analysis was used to evaluate the effectiveness of financial instruments such as feed-in tariffs, green bonds, and energy service contracts. Statistical methods identified trends in the development of renewable energy capacities, while regulatory analysis provided insights into the institutional framework supporting green energy in Ukraine. The study's results demonstrate that green investments play a crucial role in modernizing energy infrastructure, increasing energy efficiency, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It is established that feed-in tariffs are an effective tool for attracting private capital by providing stable returns and reducing investment risk. Green bonds are identified as a перспективний instrument for mobilizing long-term financial resources aimed at environmentally sustainable projects. In addition, energy service contracts are shown to be an important mechanism for implementing energy-saving measures at minimal upfront cost to consumers. The findings also highlight that the effectiveness of green investment mechanisms depends significantly on the stability of the regulatory environment and the level of state support. The integration of various financial instruments contributes to the formation of a comprehensive system that enhances investment activity and accelerates the transition to sustainable energy. The article's practical value lies in identifying key directions for improving investment policy and expanding the use of green financial instruments in Ukraine. The results can be applied in the development of state strategies, investment programs, and business practices aimed at strengthening energy security and ensuring long-term sustainable development.