The use of economic and mathematical methods in modeling the activities of joint-stock enterprises

Abstract

Abstract: In the context of active digital transformation of the economy and accelerating changes in the global market environment, joint-stock companies operate in a highly turbulent environment with intense competitive pressure and financial and economic risks. The intensification of integration processes, fluctuations in the capital market, changes in the regulatory environment, and growing investor demands highlight the need to improve the quality of management decisions. Under such conditions, traditional approaches to management prove to be insufficient, which necessitates the use of scientifically based methods of analysis and planning for joint-stock companies. Purpose of the study is to justify the feasibility of using economic and mathematical methods in modeling the activities of joint-stock companies and to develop approaches to their practical application in the management system to improve the efficiency of functioning and ensure strategic stability. The research uses methods of economic and mathematical modeling, in particular linear and nonlinear programming, correlation and regression analysis, optimization methods, scenario forecasting, and simulation modeling. Systemic and structural-functional approaches are used to formalize the management tasks of a joint-stock company. Modern digital analysis and modeling tools were used for data processing. It has been proven that the implementation of economic and mathematical models in the management of joint-stock companies ensures more sound management decisions, optimization of capital structure, rationalization of resource allocation, and reduction of risk. A model for evaluating the performance of a joint-stock company has been developed, taking into account financial, production, and investment indicators. The feasibility of using multifactor models to forecast financial results and determine strategic directions for development has been substantiated. It has been established that the use of optimization algorithms allows minimizing costs and maximizing profits under given resource constraints. Integrating models into the decision-making system helps boost competitiveness, financial stability, and investment attractiveness of a company. The research results can be used to shape management strategies and improve corporate governance mechanisms.